UJI PALATABILITAS TEPUNG BUNGKIL KELAPA SAWIT YANG DIHIDROLISIS DENGAN ENZIM RUMEN DAN EFEK TERHADAP RESPON PERTUMBUHAN BENIH IKAN PATIN SIAM (Pangasius hypophthalmus Sauvage)

Wahyu Pamungkas
10.14203/beritabiologi.v12i3.644
| Abstract views: 1785 | PDF views: 1737

Abstract

The quality of feed is not only determined by the nutrient content and digestibility of the feed or feed ingredients, but also determined by the palatability of the feed. Palatability is one of important factor in the preparation of rations, because palatability affects the amount of feed intake. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of feed commercial mixed with palm kernel meal (PKM) that was hydrolyzed by sheep rumen liquor enzyme to palatability of feed by measuring total feed consumption and growth responses of seed catfish (Pangasius hypopthalmus Sauvage). The feeds used in the study were commercial feed added hydrolyzed palm kernel meal (PKMe) and unhydrolized palm kernel meal (PKM). The treatments were as follows A). Commercial feed, B). 30% + 70% BKSecommercial feed30% PKMe + 70% commercial feed, C). 40% PKMe + 60% commercial feed, D). 30% PKM + 70% commercial feed, E). 40% PKM+ 60% commercial feed. Ten fishes with wight around 20 g were used in the trial and held in 80 l tanks. A completely randomized experimental design consisted of 1 variable and triplicates were selected. The result of the experiment showed that feed consumption was not significantly different among the treatment. It was showed that the test diet have a good palatability. The result of feed consumption, survival rate and growth responses observation showed that it was not significantly different among the treatments (P>0.05). Result of digestibility analysis showed that diet A and B have digestibility coefficient higher than diet C and D. Based on the evaluation in those parameters it was concluded that palm kernel meal that has been hydrolized by sheep rumen liquor enzyme have a good palatability and can be used as feed for seed catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus Sauvage) with addition of up to 40% in the feed.

Keywords

growth response, palatability, palm kernel meal hydrolyzed, Pangasius hypophthalmus Sauvage, rumen enzyme

Full Text:

PDF

References

Afifah R. 2006. Pemanfaatan Bungkil Kelapa Sawit dalam Pakan Juvenil Ikan Patin Jambal (Pangasius djambal). Skripsi. Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.

Alanara A. 1994. The Effect of Temperature, Dietary Energy Content and Reward Level On The Demand Feeding Activity of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykis). Journal of Aquaculture 126: 349-359.

Fitriliyani I. 2010. Peningkatan Kualitas Nutrisi Tepung daun lamtoro dengan Penambahan Ekstrak Enzim Cairan Rumen Domba untuk Pakan Ikan Nila (Oreochromis sp). Disertasi. Program Pascasarjana. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.

Grey M, I Forster, W Dominy, H Ako and AF Giesen. 2009. Validation of a Feeding Stimulant Bioassay Using Fish Hydrolysates for The Pacific White Shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. J. World Aquac. Soc. 40, 547-555.

Guillaume J, S Kaushik, P Bergot and R Metailler. 2001. Nutrition and Feeding of Fish and Crustaceans, 408. Praxis Publishing. UK.

Hadadi A, Herry, A Setyorini, Surahman dan E Ridwan. 2007. Pemanfaatan limbah sawit untuk bahan pakan ikan. Jurnal Budidaya Air Tawar 4(1), 11-18.

Halver JE. 1989. Fish Nutrition, 113-149. Second Edition. Academy Press, New York.

Hertrampf JW and PF Pascual. 2000. Handbook on Ingrediants for Aquaculture Feeds, 119-381. Kluwer Academic Publisher.

Laconi EB dan T Widiyastuti. 2010. Kandungan xantofil daun lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala) hasil detoksikasi mimosin secara fisik dan kimia. Media Peternakan 33 (1), 50-54.

Lim HA, WK Ng, SL Lim and CO Ibrahim. 2001. Contamination of Palm Kernel Meal With Aspergillus flavus Affects its Nutritive Value in Pelleed Feed for Tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus. Aquaculture Research 32, 895-905

Lovell T. 1988. Nutrition and Feeding of Fish, 260. Auburn University. Van Nostrand Academy of Sciences Washington DC.

Moharrery A and KT Das. 2002. Correlation between microbial enzyme activities in the rumen fluid of sheep under different treatments. Reprod. Nutr. Dev, 41, 513-529.

Mokoginta I, T Takeuchi, AM Suprayudi, Y Wiramiharja dan M Setiawati. 1999. Pengaruh sumber karbohidrat yang berbeda terhadap kecernaan pakan, efisiensi pakan dan pertumbuhan benih gurame (Osphronemus gouramy Lac). Jurnal Ilmu-ilmu Perairan dan Perikanan Indonesia VI(2), 13-19.

Mudjiman A. 2004. Makanan Ikan, 190. Edisi Revisi. Seri Agriwawasan. Penerbit Penebar Swadaya. Jakarta.

Ng WK and Chong K. 2002. The nutritive value of palm kernel meal and the effect of enzyme supplementation in practical diets for red hybrid Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.). Asian Fisheries Science 15, 167-176. Asian Fisheries Society, Manila, Philippines.

NRC (National Research Council). 1993. Nutrient Requirements of Warm Water Fishes and Shellfishes. National Academy of Science Washington DC.

Omoregie E. 2001. Utilizatio n and Nutrient Digestibility of Mango Seeds and Palm Kernel Meal by Juvenile Labeo senegalensis (Antheriniformes: Cyprinidae). Aquaculture Research 32, 681-687.

Orunmuyi M, GS Bawa, FD Adeyinka, OM Daudu and IA Adeyinka. 2006. Effects of Graded Levels of Palm- Kernel Cake on Performance of Grower Rabbits. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 5(1), 71-74.

Parakkasi A. 1990. Ilmu Nutrisi dan Makanan Ternak Monogastrik, 230. UI-Press, Jakarta.

Ranjhan SK. 1980. Animal Nutrition in the Tropics,446p. 3rd Edition. ML Scott and Associates. Ithaca. New York

Steel RGD and JH Torrie. 1993. Principles and Procedure of Statistic, 666. McGrawHill, London.

Steffens W. 1989. Principles of Fish Nutrition, 384. Ellis Horwood.England.

Takeuchi T. 1988. Laboratory Work-Chemical Evaluation of Dietary Nutrients. In: Fish Nutrition and Mariculture. T Watanabe (Ed.), 179-233. Departement of Aquatic Biosciences-Tokyo University of Fisheries-JICA. Tokyo.

Tilman AD, H Hartadi, S Reksohadiprodjo, S Prawirokusumo dan S Lebdosoekojo. 1991. Ilmu Makanan Ternak Dasar, 417. Cetakan ke-5. Gadjah Mada University Press. Yogyakarta.

Van Soest PJ, JB Robertson and BA Lewis. 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci. 74, 3583-3597.

Wahju J. 1997. Ilmu Nutrisi Unggas, 157. Cetakan ketiga. Gajah Mada University Press. Yogyakarta.

Watanabe T. 1988. Fish Nutrition and Mariculture, 79-82. Department of Aquatic Bioscience-Tokyo University of Fisheries-JICA.

Zonneveld NZA, EA Huisman. and JH Bonn. 1991. Prinsipprinsip Budidaya Ikan, 318. Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Jakarta.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14203/beritabiologi.v12i3.644

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.