Keragaman Genetika Ramin [Gonystylus bancanus (Miq.) Kurz] dari Provinsi Riau Berdasarkan Profil Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA

Abstract

ABSTRACT
Genetic Diversity of Ramin [Gonystylus bancanus (Miq.) Kurz] from Riau Province Based on
Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Fingerprint. Gonystylus bancanus is a commercial
timber found only on peat swamp forests, scatteredly distributed in Sumatra and Kalimantan.
Their existence is now under severe threat due to habitat conversion. One of the remaining
natural populations of ramin was in Riau Province, Sumatra. This study aimed to assess
genetic diversity of this species within their natural populations in Riau Province using Random
Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD). RAPD profiles were obtained by performing PCR
amplification using five arbitrary primers. One hundred and eleven putative loci of RAPD were
scored and analysed using Popgene and NTSYS software. Eleven of RAPD bands were
commonly found in all populations and 16 bands were distinctively found in certain populations.
These unique bands may serve as population diagnostic marker for such populations. The
average genetic diversity within population (0.1606) was lower than that of among populations
(0.1894). Genetic differentiation (Gst) indicated that 95.56% of total genetic diversity in ramin
was attributed to the differences among populations. The highest genetic diversity was found
in population 3 (He:0.1858) and 3 (I:0.2864), while the lowest genetic variation was observed in
population 1 (He: 0.1438) and 2 (I: 0.2201). Total genetic diversity for all population (Ht) was
0.1982 with an average value of genetic diversity within populations (Hs) was 0.1606. The low
level of genetic diversity found in ramin with high population differentiation may suggest that
these remaining populations was undergoing genetic bottleneck resulted from severe habitat
fragmentation.
Keywords: genetic diversity, populations, ramin, Gonystylus bancanus, RAPD.