Gambaran Umum Kajian Profil Hormon Steroid Menggunakan Metode Non-Invasif dari Sampel Feses

R. Taufiq Purna Nugraha, Bambang Purwantara, Iman Supriatna, Muhammad Agil, Gono Semiadi
| Abstract views: 2017 | PDF views: 8613

Abstract

Kajian terhadap profil hormon-hormon steroid merupakan kunci penting dalam upaya memahami aspek fisiologis satwa. Beberapa dekade terakhir telah dikembangkan metode alternatif untuk mengetahui profil hormon steroid, yaitu melalui pengukuran metabolit hormon steroid yang diekskresikan melalui ekskreta tubuh seperti feses. Metode tersebut dikenal sebagai metode non-invasif. Metode ini memungkinkan pengumpulan sampel secara terus menerus dalam jangka panjang dengan meminimalisasi gangguan terutama pada satwa liar. Kajian terhadap profil metabolit hormon steroid yang terukur dapat diaplikasikan antara lain untuk mengetahui status reproduksi, penentuan jenis kelamin, studi perilaku hingga monitoring tingkat stres satwa. Berbagai kajian dengan memanfaatkan metabolit hormon steroid telah berhasil diaplikasikan pada berbagai taksa vertebrata. Tulisan ini memberikan gambaran terkini mengenai aplikasi metode non-invasif untuk kajian profil metabolit hormon steroid dari sampel feses.

Keywords

non-invasif, homon steroid, metabolit hormon, feses, satwa liar

Full Text:

PDF

References

Ashley, N. T., Barboza, P. S., Macbeth, B. J., Janz, D. M., Cattet, M. R. L., Booth, R. K., & Wasser, S. K. (2011). Glucocorticosteroid concentrations in feces and hair of captive caribou and reindeer following adrenocorticotropic hormone challenge. General and Comparative Endocrinology, 172(3), 382-391.

Braga Goncalves, I., Heistermann, M., Santema, P., Dantzer, B., Mausbach, J., Ganswindt, A., & Manser, M. B. (2016). Validation of a fecal glucocorticoid assay to assess adrenocortical activity in meerkats using physiological and biological stimuli. PLoS ONE, 11(4), e0153161.

Brown, J. L., Hildebrandt, T. B., Theison, W., & Neiffer, D. L. (1999). Endocrine and ultrasound evaluation of a non-cycling african elephant: Identification of an ovarian follicular cyst. Zoo Biology, 18, 223-232.

Brown, J. L., Walker, S. L., & Moeller, T. (2004). Comparative endocrinology of cycling and non-cycling asian (elephas maximus) and african (loxodonta africana) elephants. General and Comparative Endocrinology, 136, 360-370.

Brown, J. L., Wasser, S. K., Wildt, D. E., & Graham, L. H. (1994). Comparative aspects of steroid hormone metabolism and ovarian activity in felids, measured noninvasively in feces. Biology of Reproduction, 51, 776 - 786.

Brown, J. L., & Wildt, D. E. (1997). Assessing reproductive status in wild felids by noninvasive faecal steroid monitoring. International Zoo Yearbook, 35, 173-191.

Brown, J. L., Wildt, D. E., Graham, L. H., Byers, A. P., Collins, L., Barrett, S., & Howard, J. (1995). Natural versus chorionic gonadotropin-induced ovarian responses in the clouded leopard (neofelis nebulosa) assessed by fecal steroid analysis. Biology of Reproduction, 53, 93-102.

Burgess, E. A., Blanshard, W. H., Barnes, A. D., Gilchrist, S., Keeley, T., Chua, J., & Lanyon, J. M. (2013). Reproductive hormone monitoring of dugongs in captivity: Detecting the onset of sexual maturity in a cryptic marine mammal. Animal Reproduction Science, 140(3-4), 255-267.

Cavigelli, S. A. (1999). Behavioural patterns associated with faecal cortisol levels in free-ranging female ring-tailed lemurs, lemur catta. Animal Behaviour, 57(4), 935-944.

Cavigelli, S. A., Dubovick, T., Levash, W., Jolly, A., & Pitts, A. (2003). Female dominance status and fecal corticoids in a cooperative breeder with low reproductive skew: Ring-tailed lemurs (lemur catta). Hormones and Behavior, 43, 166-179.

Cavigelli, S. A., & Pereira, M. E. (2000). Mating season aggression and fecal testosterone levels in male ring-tailed lemurs (lemur catta). Hormones and Behavior, 37(3), 246-255.

Dehnhard, M., Kumar, V., Chandrasekhar, M., Jewgenow, K., & Umapathy, G. (2015). Non-invasive pregnancy diagnosis in big cats using the pgfm (13,14-dihydro-15-keto-pgf2alpha) assay. PLoS ONE, 10(12), e0143958.

Galama, W. T., Graham, L. H., & Savage, A. (2004). Comparison of fecal storage methods for steroid analysis in black rhinoceroses (diceros bicornis). Zoo Biology, 23, 291-300.

Ganswindt, S. B., Myburgh, J. G., Cameron, E. Z., & Ganswindt, A. (2014). Non-invasive assessment of adrenocortical function in captive nile crocodiles (crocodylus niloticus). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol, 177, 11-17.

Goymann, W., East, M. L., Wachter, B., Höner, O. P., Möstl, E., van't Hof, T., & Hofer, H. (2001). Social, state-dependent and environmental modulation of faecal corticosteroid levels in free-ranging female spotted hyenas. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B: Biological Sciences, 268(1484), 2453-2459.

Goymann, W., Möstl, E., van't Hof, T., East, M. L., & Hofer, H. (1999). Noninvasive fecal monitoring of glucocorticoids in spotted hyenas, crocuta crocuta. General and Comparative Endocrinology, 114(3), 340-348.

Graham, L. H., & Brown, J. L. (1997). Non-invasive assessment of gonadal and adrenocortical function in felid species via faecal steroid analysis. Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde, 62, 78-82.

Habumuremyi, S., Robbins, M. M., Fawcett, K. A., & Deschner, T. (2014). Monitoring ovarian cycle activity via progestagens in urine and feces of female mountain gorillas: A comparison of eia and lc-ms measurements. Am J Primatol, 76(2), 180-191.

Hamasaki, S., Yamauchi, K., Ohki, T., Murakami, M., Takahara, Y., Takeuchi, Y., & Mori, Y. (2001). Comparison of various reproductive status in sika deer (cervus nippon) using fecal steroid analysis. The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 63(2), 195-198.

Hamilton, R. A., Stanton, P. G., O´Donnell, L., Steele, V. R., Taggart, D. A., & Temple-Smith, P. D. (2000). Determination of seasonality in southern hairy-nosed wombats (lasiorhinus latifrons) by analysis of fecal androgens. Biology of Reproduction, 63, 526-531.

Heistermann, M. (2010). Non-invasive monitoring of endocrine status in laboratory primates: Methods, guidelines and applications. Advances in Science and Research, 5, 1-9.

Heistermann, M., Finke, M., & Hodges, J. K. (1995). Assessment of female reproductive status in captive-housed hanuman langurs (presbytis entellus) by measurement of urinary and fecal steroid excretion patterns. American Journal of Primatology, 37(4), 275-284.

Heistermann, M., & Hodges, J. K. (1995). Endocrine monitoring of the ovarian cycle and pregnancy in the saddle-back tamarin (saginus fuscicollis) by measurement of steroid conjugates in urine. American Journal of Primatology, 35(2), 117-127.

Hesterman, H., Wasser, S. K., & Cockrem, J. F. (2005). Longitudinal monitoring of fecal testosterone in male malayan sun bears (u. Malayanus). Zoo Biology, 24, 1-15.

Hirschenhauser, K., Kotrschal, K., & Möstl, E. (2005). Synthesis of measuring steroid metabolites in goose feces. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1046(1), 138-153.

Huber, S., Palme, R., & Arnold, W. (2003). Effects of season, sex, and sample collection on concentrations of fecal cortisol metabolites in red deer (cervus elaphus). General and Comparative Endocrinology, 130(1), 48-54.

Jurke, M. H., Czekala, N. M., & Fitch-Snyder, H. (1997). Non-invasive detection and monitoring of estrus, pregnancy and the postpartum period in pygmy loris (nycticebus pygmaeus) using fecal estrogen metabolites. American Journal of Primatology, 41, 103-115.

Kelm, D. H., Popa-Lisseanu, A. G., Dehnhard, M., & Ibanez, C. (2016). Non-invasive monitoring of stress hormones in the bat eptesicus isabellinus - do fecal glucocorticoid metabolite concentrations correlate with survival? General and Comparative Endocrinology, 226, 27-35.

Khan, M. Z., Altmann, J., Isani, S. S., & Yu, J. (2002). A matter of time: Evaluating the storage of fecal samples for steroid analysis. General and Comparative Endocrinology, 128(1), 57-64.

Knott, C. D. (1997). Field collection and preservation of urine in orangutans and chimpanzees. Tropical Biodiversity, 4(1), 95-102.

Knott, C. D. (2005). Radioimmunoassay of estrone conjugates from urine dried on filter paper. American Journal of Primatology, 67(1), 121-135.

Kummrow, M. S., Gilman, C., Mackie, P., Smith, D. A., & Mastromonaco, G. F. (2011). Noninvasive analysis of fecal reproductive hormone metabolites in female veiled chameleons (chamaeleocalyptratus) by enzyme immunoassay. Zoo Biology, 30(1), 95-115.

Lynch, J. W., Khan, M. Z., Altmann, J., Njahira, M. N., & Rubenstein, N. (2003). Concentrations of four fecal steroids in wild baboons: Short-term storage conditions and consequences for data interpretation. General and Comparative Endocrinology, 132(2), 264-271.

Marty, P. R., van Noordwijk, M. A., Heistermann, M., Willems, E. P., Dunkel, L. P., Cadilek, M., . . . Weingrill, T. (2015). Endocrinological correlates of male bimaturism in wild bornean orangutans. American Journal of Primatology, 77(11), 1170-1178.

Millspaugh, J. J., & Washburn, B. E. (2003). Within-sample variation of fecal glucocorticoid measurements. General and Comparative Endocrinology, 132(1), 21-26.

Millspaugh, J. J., & Washburn, B. E. (2004). Use of fecal glucocorticoid metabolite measures in conservation biology research: Considerations for application and interpretation. General and Comparative Endocrinology, 138(3), 189-199.

Mithileshwari, C., Srivastava, T., Kumar, V., Kumar, A., & Umapathy, G. (2016). Non-invasive assessment of fecal progestagens and pregnancy detection in himalayan musk deer (moschus chrysogaster). Theriogenology, 85(2), 216-223.

Morato, R. G., Bueno, M. G., Malmheister, P., Verreschi, I. T. N., & Barnabe, R. C. (2004). Changes in the fecal concentrations of cortisol and androgen metabolites in captive male jaguars (panthera onca) in response to stress. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 37, 1903 - 1907.

Möstl, E., & Palme, R. (2002). Hormones as indicators of stress. Domestic Animal Endocrinology, 23(1-2), 67-74.

Möstl, E., Rettenbacher, S., & Palme, R. (2005). Measurement of corticosterone metabolites in birds' droppings: An analytical approach. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1046(1), 17-34.

Murray, C. M., Heintz, M. R., Lonsdorf, E. V., Parr, L. A., & Santymire, R. M. (2013). Validation of a field technique and characterization of fecal glucocorticoid metabolite analysis in wild chimpanzees (pan troglodytes). American Journal of Primatology, 75(1), 57-64.

Niswender, G. D., & Nett, T. M. (1977). Bio-logical and immunological assay of gonadotropic and gonadal hormones. Reproduction in Domestic Animals, 119-42.

Norris, D. O. (2007). Vertebrate endocrinology: Academic Press.

Nugraha, T. P., Agil, M., Purwantara, B., Supriatna, I., Singleton, I., Heistermann, M., . . . Weingrill, T. (2014, 11-16 August). Preliminary results on non-invasive stress monitoring in sumatran orangutans during rehabilitation and reintroduction. Paper presented at the XXVth Congress of the International Primatological Society, Hanoi, Vietnam.

Oates, J., Bradshaw, F., Bradshaw, S., & Lonsdale, R. (2002). Sex identification and evidence of gonadal activity in the short-beaked echidna (tachyglossus aculeatus)(monotremata: Tachyglossidae): Non-invasive analysis of faecal sex steroids. Australian Journal of Zoology, 50(4), 395-406.

Ostner, J., & Heistermann, M. (2003). Endocrine characterization of female reproductive status in wild redfronted lemurs (eulemur fulvus rufus). General and Comparative Endocrinology, 131(3), 274-283.

Ostner, J., Heistermann, M., & Kappeler, P. M. (2003). Intersexual dominance, masculinized genitals and prenatal steroids: Comparative data from lemurid primates. Naturwissenschaften, 90(3), 141-144.

Ostner, J., Heistermann, M., & Schülke, O. (2008a). Dominance, aggression and physiological stress in wild male assamese macaques (macaca assamensis). Hormones and Behavior, 54, 613–619.

Ostner, J., Kappeler, P. M., & Heistermann, M. (2008b). Androgen and glucocorticoid levels reflect seasonally occurring social challenges in male redfronted lemurs (eulemur fulvus rufus). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 62, 627-638.

Palme, R. (2005). Measuring fecal steroids: Guidelines for practical application. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1046(1), 75-80.

Palme, R., Fischer, P., Schildorfer, H., & Ismail, M. N. (1996). Excretion of infused 14c-steroid hormones via faeces and urine in domestic livestock. Animal Reproduction Science, 43, 43-63.

Palme, R., Rettenbacher, S., Touma, C., El-Bahr, S. M., & Möstl, E. (2005). Stress hormones in mammals and birds: Comparative aspects regarding metabolism, excretion, and noninvasive measurement in fecal samples. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1040(Trends in Comparative Endocrinology and Neurobiology), 162-171.

Pribbenow, S., Wachter, B., Ludwig, C., Weigold, A., & Dehnhard, M. (2016). Validation of an enzyme-immunoassay for the non-invasive monitoring of faecal testosterone metabolites in male cheetahs (acinonyx jubatus). General and Comparative Endocrinology, 228, 40-47.

Schoenecker, K. A., Lyda, R. O., & Kirkpatrick, J. (2004). Comparison of three fecal steroid metabolites for pregnancy detection used with single sampling in bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis). Journal of wildlife diseases, 40(2), 273-281.

Schwarzenberger, F., Möstl, E., Palme, R., & Bamberg, E. (1996). Faecal steroid analysis for non-invasive monitoring of reproductive status in farm, wild and zoo animals. Animal Reproduction Science, 42, 515-526.

Schwarzenberger, F., Palme, R., Bamberg, E., & Möstl, E. (1997). A review of faecal progesterone metabolite analysis for non-invasive monitoringof reproductive function in mammals. Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde, 62,

-221.

Sheriff, M. J., Dantzer, B., Delehanty, B., Palme, R., & Boonstra, R. (2011). Measuring stress in wildlife: Techniques for quantifying glucocorticoids. Oecologia, 166(4), 869-887.

Shideler, S. E., Ortuno, A. M., Mor n, F. M., Moorman, E. A., & Lasley, B. L. (1993). Simple extraction and enzyme immunoassays for estrogen and progesterone metabolites in the feces of macaca fascicularis during non-conceptive and conceptive ovarian cycles. Biology of Reproduction, 48, 1290-1298.

Shimizu, K. (2005). Studies on reproductive endocrinology in non-human primates: Application of non-invasive methods. Journal of Reproduction and Development, 51, 1-13.

Shutt, K., Setchell, J. M., & Heistermann, M. (2012). Non-invasive monitoring of physiological stress in the western lowland gorilla (gorilla gorilla gorilla): Validation of a fecal glucocorticoid assay and methods for practical application in the field. General and Comparative Endocrinology, 179(2), 167-177.

Tell, L. A., & Lasley, B. L. (1991). An automated assay for fecal estrogen conjugates in the determination of sex in avian species. Zoo Biology, 10, 361-367.

Terio, K. A., Brown, J. L., Moreland, R., & Munson, L. (2002). Comparison of different drying and storage methods on quantifiable concentrations of fecal steroids in the cheetah. Zoo Biology, 21, 215-222.

Touma, C., & Palme, R. (2005). Measuring fecal glucocorticoid metabolites in mammals and birds: The importance of validation. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1046, 54-74.

Troll, S., Gottschalk, J., Seeburger, J., Ziemssen, E., Hafner, M., Thielebein, J., & Einspanier, A. (2013). Characterization of the ovarian cycle in the two-toed sloths (choloepus didactylus): An innovative, reliable,and noninvasive method using fecal hormone analyses. Theriogenology, 80(3), 275-283.

Velloso, A. L., Wasser, S. K., Monfort, S. L., & Dietz, J. M. (1998). Longitudinal fecal steroid excretion in maned wolves (chrysocyon brachyurus). General and Comparative Endocrinology, 112(1), 96-107.

Wasser, S. K., Azkarate, J. C., Booth, R. K., Hayward, L., Hunt, K., Ayres, K., ... & Rodríguez-Luna, E. (2010). Non-invasive measurement of thyroid hor-mone in feces of a diverse array of avian and mammalian species. Gen-eral and comparative endocrinology, 168(1), 1-7.

Wasser, S. K., Hunt, K. E., Brown, J. L., Cooper, K., Crockett, C. M., Bechert, U., ... & Monfort, S. L. (2000). A gen-eralized fecal glucocorticoid assay for use in a diverse array of nondomestic mammalian and avian species. Gen-eral and comparative endocrinology, 120(3), 260-275.

Wasser, S. K., Monfort, S. L., Southers, J., & Wildt, D. E. (1994). Excretion rates and metabolites of oestradiol and progesterone in baboon (papio cynocephalus cynocephalus) faeces. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, 101, 213 - 220.

Wasser, S. K., Risler, L., & Steiner, R. A. (1988). Excreted steroids in primate feces over the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. Biology of Reproduction, 39, 862-872.

Weingrill, T., Gray, D. A., Barrett, L., & Henzi, S. P. (2004). Fecal cortisol levels in free-ranging female chacma baboons: Relationship to dominance, reproductive state and environmental factors. Hormones and Behavior, 45(4), 259-269.

Weingrill, T., Willems, E. P., Zimmermann, N., Steinmetz, H., & Heistermann, M. (2011). Species-specific patterns in fecal glucocorticoid and androgen levels in zoo-living orangutans (pongo spp.). General and Comparative Endocrinology, 172(3), 446-457.

Ziegler, T., Hodges, J. K., Winkler, P., & Heistermann, M. (2000a). Hormonal correlates of reproductive seasonalityin wild female hanuman langurs (presbytis entellus). American Journal of Primatology, 51(2), 119-134.

Ziegler, T. E., Carlson, A. A., Ginther, A. J., & Snowdon, C. T. (2000b). Gonadal source of testosterone metabolites in urine of male cotton-top tamarin monkeys (saguinus oedipus). Generaland Comparative Endocrinology, 118(2), 332-343.

Ziegler, T. E., & Wittwer, D. J. (2005). Fecal steroid research in the field and laboratory: Improved methods for storage, transport, processing, and analysis. American Journal of Primatology, 67(1), 159-174.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.