APPLICATIONS OF CONVEX POLYGON AND KERNEL DENSITY ANALYSES TO MODEL THE HOME RANGES OF EQUATORIAL SPITTING COBRA Naja sputatrix (BOIE, 1827) IN GREEN AREAS OF UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA CAMPUS, WEST JAVA

Andriwibowo Andriwibowo, Adi Basukriadi, Erwin Nurdin
10.52508/zi.v31i2.4464
| Abstract views: 1276 | PDF views: 647

Abstract

Naja sputatrix (Boie, 1827) or known as equatorial spitting cobra is one of venomous snake inhabiting wide green areas include Universitas Indonesia Campus. Currently the existence and conservation of cobra is threatened, then it is important to study cobra possible home ranges. This research is aiming to model the home range of equatorial spitting cobra in green areas of Universitas Indonesia Campus. The model was developed using the applications of Convex Polygon and Kernel Density. The Convex Polygon analysis shows that approximately 114.53 Ha or equals to 35.79% of green areas of Universitas Indonesia Campus was the home ranges of the cobra. While, based on the Kernel Density analysis, it confirms that up to 307.65 Ha or equals to 96.14% of green areas of Universitas Indonesia Campus were potentials as the home ranges of the cobra. Then it can be concluded that at least 30-90% of green areas of Universitas Indonesia Campus should be conserved to support the presences of N. sputatrix.

Keywords

Cobra, Convex Polygon, green area, home range, Kernel Density

Full Text:

PDF

References

Akbar, L. A. & Baskuriadi, A. (2021). Diversity of dragonflies and damselflies in lakes of Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1725(1), 012035.

Ananda, F. N. R. (2021). Analisis PCA pada Naja sputatrix Boie,1827 (Squamata; Serpentes; Elaphidae) berdasarkan variasi morfologis. Skripsi. Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains Dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya.

Barnes, C. H., Strine, S. T., Suwanwaree, P. & Hill, J. G. (2017). Movement and home range of Green Pit Vipers (Trimeresurus spp.) in a rural landscape in North-East Thailand. The Herpetological Bulletin, 142, 19-28.

Basukriadi, A., Nurdin, E., Adiwibowo, Kamilia, N. I., Jason, P., Roebert, P., Ulibasa, B. G., Suryaatmaja, T. N. S. & Tobing, R. H. G. (2021). Chiroptera population as bioindicators of urbanization and fragmented habitat in West Java. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1943(1).

Bhaisare, D., Ramanuj, V., Shankar, P. G., Vittala, M., Goode, M. & Whitaker, R. (2010). Observation on a wild King Cobra (Ophiophagus hannah), with emphasis on foraging and diet. IRCF Reptiles and Amphibians Conservation and Natural History, 17. 95-102.

Breininger, D. R., Bolt, M.R., Legare, M L., Drese, J.H. & Stolen, E.D. (2011). Factors influencing home-range sizes of Eastern Indigo Snakes in Central Florida. Journal of Herpetology, 45(4), 484-490. http://dx.doi.org/10.1670/10-176.1

Bista, D., Baxter, G.S., Hudson, N.J., Lama, S.T. & Murray, P.J. (2021). Effect of disturbances and habitat fragmentation on an arboreal habitat specialist mammal using GPS telemetry: a case of the red panda. Landscape Ecology, 37, 795 - 809.

Chynoweth, M., Lepczyk, C., Litton, C., Hess, S., Kellner, J. & Cordell, S. (2015). Home range use and movement patterns of non-native feral goats in a tropical island montane dry landscape. PLoS ONE. http://dx.doi.org/10.10.1371/journal.pone.0119231.

Croak, B. M., Crowther, M.S., Webb, J.K. & Shine, R. (2013) Movements and Habitat Use of an Endangered Snake, Hoplocephalus bungaroides (Elapidae): Implications for Conservation. PLoS ONE, 8(4): e61711. http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0061711

Cundall, D., Deufel, A., Macgregor, G., Pattishall, A. & Richter, M. (2016). Effects of size, condition, measurer, and time on measurements of snakes. Herpetologica. 72, 227-234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1655/Herpetologica-D-16-00006.1.

Cox, M. J., Dijk, P. P. V. & Nabhitabhata, J. (1998). A Photographic Guide to Snakes and other Reptiles of Thailand and Southeast Asia.Asia Books Co., Ltd.

Di Cola, V., Cardozo, G., Lanfri, M., Scavuz-zo, C.s & Chiaraviglio, M. (2008). Modelling the distribution of the Boid snakes, Epicrates cenchria alvarezi and Boa constrictor occidentalis in the Gran Chaco (South America). Amphibia-Reptilia. 29, 299-310. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1163/156853808785112138.

Ekner-Grzyb, A., Chyleńska, Z., Dudek, K. & Tryjanowski, P. (2011). Medical cautery units as a permanent and non-invasive method of marking lizards. Acta Herpetologica. 6. 229-236. http://dx.doi.org/10.13128/Acta_Herpetol-9346.

Greenberg, D. & McClintock, W. (2008). Remember the third dimension: terrain modeling improves estimates of snake home range size. Copeia, 801-806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1643/CE-07-119.

Hart, K. M., Cherkiss, M. S. & Smith, B. J. (2015). Home range, habitat use, and movement patterns of non-native Burmese pythons in Everglades National Park, Florida, USA. Anim Biotelemetry, 3(8). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40317-015-0022-2.

Howze, J., Sash, K., Carroll, J. & Smith, L. (2018). A regional scale assessment of habitat selection and home range of the eastern rat snake in pine-dominated forests. Forest Ecology and Management, 432. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2018.09.018.

Iskandar, D., Auliya, M., Inger, R. F. & Lilley, R. (2012). Naja sputatrix. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2012: e.T192197A2054180. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012 1.RLTS.T192 197A2054180.

Kawamuna, Al., Suprayogi & Wijaya, A. P. (2017). Analisis kesehatan hutan mangrove berdasarkan metode klasifikasi NDVI pada Citra Sentinel-2 (Studi kasus: Teluk Pangpang Kabupaten Banyuwangi). Jurnal Geodesi Undip 6(1): 277-284.

Miller, G. J., Smith, L. L., Johnson, S. A. & Franz, R. (2012). Home range size and habitat selection in the Florida Pine Snake (Pituophis melanoleucus mugitus). Copeia; Lawrence Iss., 4, 706-713.

Mumpuni. (2018). Penampilan ular kobra (Naja sputatrix) yang dipanen di Jawa Tengah. Proceeding Seminar Nasional Biodiversitas VI “Keanekaragaman Hayati Indonesia dan Perannya dalam Menunjang Kemandirian Bangsa

Natusch, D., Lyons, J. & Shine, R. (2022). Spatial ecology, activity patterns, and habitat use by giant pythons (Simalia amethistina) in tropical Australia. Scientific Reports, 12. http://dx.doi.org/doi: 10. 1038/s41598-022-09369-5.

Origia, K., Novarino, W., Silmi, M. & Tjong, D. H. (2019). Homerange area of King Cobra (Ophiophagus hannah Cantor, 1836) at palm oil plantation, Central Kalimantan. JURNAL METAMORFOSA, 6(1), 113-118. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/metamorfosa.v06.i01.p18.

Philiani, I., Saputra, L., Harvianto, L. & Muzaki, A. A. (2016). Pemetaan vegetasi hutan mangrove menggunakan metode Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) Di Desa Arakan, Minahasa Selatan, Sulawesi Utara. Surya Octagon Interdisciplinary Journal of Science and Technology 1(2).

Powell, R. & Mitchell, M. (2012). What is a home range? J. Journal of Mammalogy. 93, 948-958. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/ 23259840.

Putman, B., Lind, C. & Taylor, E. (2013). Does size matter? factors influencing the spatial ecology of Northern Pacific Rattlesnakes (Crotalus oreganus oreganus ) in Central California. Copeia, 485-492. http://dx.doi.org/10.1643/CE-12-048.

Rao, C., Talukdar, G., Choudhury, B., Shankar, P., Whitaker, R. & Goode, M. (2013). Habitat use of King Cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) in a heterogeneous landscape matrix in the tropical forests of the Western Ghats , India. Hamadryad. 36, 69-79.

Reading, C. J. (2012). Ranging behaviour and home range size of smooth snakes inhabiting lowland heath in Southern England. Herpetological Journal 22, 241–247.

Reshamwala, H. S., Raina, P., Hussain, Z., Khan, S., Dirzo, R. & Habib, B. (2022). On the move: spatial ecology and habitat use of red fox in the Trans-Himalayan cold desert. PeerJ 10:e13967. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13967

Riotte-Lambert, L. & Matthiopoulos, J. (2020). Environmental predictability as a cause and consequence of animal movement. Trends Ecol Evol, 35(2), 163–174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. tree.2019.09.009

Rose, J., Wylie, G., Casazza, M. & Halstead, B. (2018). Integrating growth and cap-ture-mark-recapture models reveals size-dependent survival in an elusive spe-cies. Ecosphere. 9. e02384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2384.

Silva, I., Crane, M., Suwanwaree, P., Strine, C. & Goode, M. (2018). Using dynamic Brownian Bridge Movement Models to identify home range size and movement patterns in King Cobras. PLoS ONE, 13(9): e0203449. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0203449.

Silva, I., Crane, M., Marshall, B.M. & Strine, C.T. (2020). Reptiles on the wrong track? Moving beyond traditional estimators with dynamic Brownian Bridge Movement Models. Mov. Ecol., 8(43).

Sukojo, B. M. & Arindi, Y. N. (2019). Analisa perubahan kerapatan mangrove berdasarkan nilai Normalized Difference Vegetation Index Menggunakan Citra Landsat 8 (Studi Kasus: Pesisir Utara Surabaya). Geoid Journal of Geodesy and Geomatics 14(2). http://dx.doi.org/10.12962/j2442 3998.v14i2.3874.

Suwanto, A., Takarina, N. D., Koestoer, R. H. & Frimawaty E. (2021). Diversity, biomass, covers, and NDVI of restored mangrove forests in Karawang and Subang Coasts, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22, 4115-4122.

Tikkanen, H., Rytkönen, S., Karlin, O-P., Ollila, T., Pakanen, V. M. & Tuohimaa, H. (2018). Modelling golden eagle habitat selection and flight activity in their home ranges for safer wind farm planning. Environ Impact Assess Rev. 71, 120–131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar. 2018.04.006.

Vanek, J. P. & Wasko, D. K. (2017). Spatial Ecology of the Eastern Hog-nosed Snake (Heterodon platirhinos) at the Northeastern limit of its range. Herpetological Conservation and Biology, 12, 109–118.

Widhiantara, I. G. & Rosiana, I. W. (2014). Perilaku harian ular kobra (Naja sputatrix Boie) dalam kandang penangkaran. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Prodi Biologi F. MIPA UNHI.

Zappalorti, R., Burger, J. & Peterson, F. (2015). Home range size and distance traveled from hibernacula in Northern Pinesnakes in the New Jersey Pine Barrens. Herpetologica, 71(1), 26–36.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52508/zi.v31i2.4464

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.